journal of sustainable studies joss
Mythology of Sacrifice and Redemption for Female Gods In the Civilizations of Ancient Iraq and Ancient Egypt
(Ishtar and Isis as a model)
| Assist. Lect. Noor Khudair Bedr
General Directorate for Education in Baghdad Al-Karkh/1 Ministry of Education – Iraq Email: noor.khudair80@gmail.com |
ABSTRACT
Undoubtedly, the two Mesopotamian civilizations represented by Iraq and the Nile Valley represented by Egypt were a fine example in the authenticity of their religious beliefs throughout their ancient eras and historical eras, so these two civilizations had beliefs that were characterized by maturity and integration. The myths and beliefs of creation, evolution, formation, death, and resurrection occupied a large place in the religious doctrine of these two ancient civilizations, in addition to that both the ancient Iraqis and Egyptians were religious by nature and religion had an intense role in their daily life, which contributed to the production of a large number of deities, which were associated with a number of myths and Feminine deities were not excluded from them, so they had a fundamental and pivotal role in formulating these myths, the most famous of which was the myth of the god Tammuz and the goddess Ishtar in the Babylonian religion. The crystallization of those two myths and the values that resulted from them in terms of sacrifice and meanings for redemption and altruism, which made them one of the most important epics in ancient history, which will be discussed in this discussion with the determination of the possibility of influence and influence and the possibilities of overlap between them. What emerged from our research is the great similarity in the essence of the two myths and the lofty goal that both Ishtar and Isis sought to achieve while highlighting the importance of the precedence achieved by the Babylonian myth as it is the oldest historically, even though the Osirian myth has achieved greater fame and spread than its Babylonian counterpart.
Keywords:( mythology, female gods, ancient Iraq, ancient Egypt, Ishtar, Isis).